Phylum Protozoa
Protos—first, Zoan—animal, First animal phylum Study of protozoans called Protozoology Father of protozoology – Antony von Leeuwenhoek Term Protozoa was assigned by Goldfuss Protozoa belong to Kingdom Protista of Haeckel Single-celled, solitary or colonial, eukaryotes Important characters Size ranges from 1µ to 5000µ Aquatic – freshwater or marine forms, or endoparasites Grade of organization– protoplasmic or subcellular Locomotion by cilia, flagella or pseudopodia, or absent Skeleton – may or may not be present; if present then either calcareous or siliceous. Foraminifers have external shell of CaCO3 ( ex. Polystomella), whereas Radiolarians have internal plates of silica Osmoregulation by contractile vacuole in freshwater protozoans (isotonic to 0.8 % NaCl solution). C.V.…
Animal Kingdom
Animal Kingdom covers about 35-phyla, of which 11 are considered to be major phyla. In major phyla, 10 are from Non-chordates and 1 from chordates. The 11-major phyla are – Phylum Protozoa: single-celled (solitary or colonial)Eukaryotes Phylum Porifera: Sponges Phylum Cnidaria: Jellyfishes and sea anemones Phylum Ctenophora*: Comb jellies Phylum Platyhelminthes: Flat warms Phylum Aschelminthes: Roundworms or threadworms. Phylum Annelida: Segmented worms (Earthworm, Leech etc.) Phylum Arthropoda: Jointed legged-invertebrates Phylum Mollusca: Snails, bivalves, octopus etc. Phylum Echinodermata: Seastar, Brittle star, Sea lily etc. Phylum Chordata: Protochordates and vertebrates (*As Ctenophora includes less than 100 species, it is generally considered as a Minor Phylum with Rotifera, Phoronida, Brachiopoda and Gastrotricha etc.).…
